• Determination of scale crystal distorter activity from the water analysis

We can observe the crystal distorter action by carefully examining the water analysis. This is important if a scale inhibitor combining threshold inhibitor and scale crystal distorter is in use, to define in which level of its activity we are currently present.

If NC is the cycles of concentration, for every dissolved substance which enters the system through the makeup, not precipitated or volatilized, and leaves through water losses, the concentration into the system has to be:

MU*NC

If deposition of Calcium Carbonate occurs, the concentration of Calcium and Total Alkalinity will be the above less the precipitated amount.

SYS=MU*NC-precipitated

Recirculating nuclei into the bulk water will not interfere to the analysis, being uniformly distributed, dissolved and calculated at the analysis. Only precipitated are missing.

If Crystal distorter is in action, then the distorted amount of calcium is missing from the analysis, while the distorted alkalinity quantity is redisolve by the acid used for the determination, so:

For Ca: SYS=MU*NC-DISTORTED,

WHILE TA: SYST=MU*NC

IF both distortion and precipitation exist, then:

For Ca: SYST=MU*NC-distorted-precipitated,

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