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POLYMALEIC ANHYDRIDE Below is a diagram of polymaleic acid (PMA) which is the compound formed when the anhydride is put into water.
The scale control mechanism of PMA is very similar to that of polyacrylate. That is, the carboxylic acid groups provide the dispersancy necessary for scale control. However, you should note that PMA contains twice as many carboxylic acid groups as polyacrylate. It is also important to remember that even though dispersion is one means of scale control, both PMA and polyacrylate inhibit scale inhibition primarily via the scale crystal distortion mechanism. |
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